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Hướng dẫn giải Bài 10 (Trang 147 SGK Toán Giải tích 12)
<p>Giải c&aacute;c bất phương tr&igrave;nh sau:</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>a</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><msup><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></msup><mrow><msup><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>-</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#8804;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>b</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mrow><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow></msup><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>c</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msup><mi>log</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>log</mi><mi>x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>d</mi><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8804;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p><strong>Hướng dẫn trả lời</strong></p> <p>a) Bất phương tr&igrave;nh đ&atilde; cho tương đương với <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mstyle displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mstyle><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></p> <p>Đặt&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo></math>, ta c&oacute; bất phương tr&igrave;nh&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>t</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>t</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>)</mo></mrow><mi>x</mi></msup><mo>&#8805;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><msubsup><mo>[</mo><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></msubsup></math></p> <p>Vậy nghiệm của bất phương tr&igrave;nh đ&atilde; cho l&agrave; x&lt;0 hoặc&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>1</mn></math>.</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8746;</mo><mo>[</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>)</mo></math></p> <p>b) Bất phương tr&igrave;nh đ&atilde; cho tương đương tỉ lệ:</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced open="{" close=""><mrow><mtable columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>&#8660;</mo><mfenced open="{" close=""><mrow><mtable columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mfenced><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>&#60;</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>-</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math></p> <p>Vậy tập nghiệm của bất phương tr&igrave;nh đ&atilde; cho l&agrave;:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mo>-</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mo>;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8746;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>;</mo><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mo>)</mo></math></p> <p>c) Điều kiện: x&gt;0, đặt t=logx ta c&oacute;:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>t</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>t</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#8804;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8804;</mo><msup><mn>10</mn><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msup><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp;Vậy tập nghiệm của bất phương tr&igrave;nh đ&atilde; cho l&agrave;:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>10000</mn></mfrac><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8746;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>[</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>)</mo></math></p> <p>d) Điều kiện x&gt;0m đặt&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>t</mi><mo>=</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>x</mi></math>, ta c&oacute; bất phương tr&igrave;nh:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mstyle displaystyle="true"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mstyle><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>t</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>&#8804;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>t</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>4</mn><mo>(</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#8804;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>t</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>1</mn><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7863;</mi><mi>c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>Vậy tập nghiệm của bất phương tr&igrave;nh đ&atilde; cho l&agrave;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8746;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>[</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>)</mo><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 10 (Trang 147, SGK Toán Giải Tích 12)
GV: GV colearn
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Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 10 (Trang 147, SGK Toán Giải Tích 12)
GV: GV colearn