Bài 5: Khảo sát sự biến thiên và vẽ đồ thị của hàm số
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 4 (Trang 44 SGK Toán Giải tích 12)
<p><strong>C&acirc;u hỏi:</strong> Bằng c&aacute;ch khảo s&aacute;t h&agrave;m số, h&atilde;y t&igrave;m nghiệm của c&aacute;c phương tr&igrave;nh sau:</p> <p>a)&nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math>;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math>;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></math>.</p> <p><strong>Hướng dẫn Giải:</strong></p> <p>a) X&eacute;t h&agrave;m số&nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>5</mn></math></p> <ul> <li>TXĐ: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>[</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math></li> <li>Bảng biến thi&ecirc;n&nbsp;</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/btt-b4a-Gb9dxF.png" /></p> <ul> <li>Đồ thị h&agrave;m số</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/dt-b4a-tGu2I3.png" /></p> <p>Đồ thị (C) h&agrave;m số <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>5</mn></math> cắt trục Ox tại một điểm n&ecirc;n phương tr&igrave;nh&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math> c&oacute; nghiệm duy nhất.</p> <p>b) X&eacute;t h&agrave;m số&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></math></p> <ul> <li>TXĐ:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>6</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>[</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math></li> <li>Bảng biến thi&ecirc;n:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/btt-b4a-iysARY.png" /></p> <ul> <li>Đồ thị h&agrave;m số:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/dt-b4b-ZXIC74.png" /></p> <p>Đồ thị (C) h&agrave;m số&nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></math> cắt trục Ox tại một điểm n&ecirc;n phương tr&igrave;nh&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn></math> c&oacute; nghiệm duy nhất.</p> <p>c) X&eacute;t h&agrave;m số&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math></p> <ul> <li>TXĐ:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>3</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>[</mo><mtable><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>&#177;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mtd></mtr></mtable></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#177;</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math></li> <li>Bảng biến thi&ecirc;n:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/bbt-b4c-nvuguQ.png" width="751" height="134" /></p> <ul> <li>Đồ thị h&agrave;m số:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/dt-b4c-wt6nQC.png" /></p> <p>Đường&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></math> cắt đồ thị (C) h&agrave;m số&nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></math> tại hai điểm ph&acirc;n biệt n&ecirc;n phương tr&igrave;nh</p> <p>&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>4</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></math> c&oacute; hai nghiệm ph&acirc;n biệt.</p>
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 4 (trang 44, SGK Giải tích 12)
GV: GV colearn
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Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 4 (trang 44, SGK Giải tích 12)
GV: GV colearn