Bài 5: Khảo sát sự biến thiên và vẽ đồ thị của hàm số
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 3 (Trang 43 SGK Toán Giải tích 12)
<p><strong>C&acirc;u hỏi: </strong>Khảo s&aacute;t sự biến thi&ecirc;n v&agrave; vẽ đồ thị của c&aacute;c h&agrave;m số ph&acirc;n thức:</p> <p>a)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math>;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></mfrac></math>;&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfrac></math>.</p> <p><strong>Hướng dẫn Giải:</strong></p> <p>a)&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>TXĐ:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi><mo>\</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>{</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>}</mo></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8704;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8800;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math> n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> l&agrave; tiệm cận đứng</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#177;</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math> l&agrave; tiệm cận ngang.</p> <ul> <li>Điểm đặc biệt&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></math></li> <li>Bảng biến thi&ecirc;n:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/bbt-b3a-5iBa7e.png" /></p> <ul> <li>Đồ thị h&agrave;m số:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/dt-b3a-3p0u82.png" /></p> <p>b)&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>TXĐ:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi><mo>\</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>{</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>}</mo></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mrow><mn>2</mn><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8704;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8800;</mo><mn>2</mn></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mn>2</mn><mo>-</mo></msup></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math> n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math> l&agrave; tiệm cận đứng</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#177;</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></math> n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></math> l&agrave; tiệm cận ngang.</p> <ul> <li>Điểm đặc biệt:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac></math></li> <li>Bảng biến thi&ecirc;n:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/bbt-b3b-fxDx3O.png" /></p> <ul> <li>Đồ thị h&agrave;m số:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/dt-b3b-isFKE1.png" /></p> <p>c)&nbsp;</p> <ul> <li>TXĐ:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>D</mi><mo>=</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8477;</mi><mo>\</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>{</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>}</mo></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>'</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></mfrac><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8704;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8800;</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math></li> <li><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mfenced><mo>-</mo></msup></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mfenced><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></math> n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math> l&agrave; tiệm cận đứng</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#177;</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></munder><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math> n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math> l&agrave; tiệm cận ngang.</p> <ul> <li>Điểm đặc biệt:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math>.</li> <li>Bảng biến thi&ecirc;n:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/bbt-b3c-JxMzU2.png" /></p> <ul> <li>Đồ thị h&agrave;m số:</li> </ul> <p><img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/17022022/dt-b3c-5n8EMe.png" /></p>
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 3 (trang 43, SGK Giải tích 12)
GV: GV colearn
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Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 3 (trang 43, SGK Giải tích 12)
GV: GV colearn