Bài 4: Đường Trung Bình Của Tam Giác -  Hình Thang
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 20 (Trang 79 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong class="content_question">Đề b&agrave;i</strong></p> <p>T&igrave;m&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">x</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;tr&ecirc;n h&igrave;nh&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;41.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-6" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">41.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;41.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R"><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/28062022/27ec67bc-7d30-4e96-b70a-4aea70b5f7ca.PNG" /></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><strong><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;41.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">Lời giải chi tiết</span></span></span></span></span></strong></p> <p>Ta c&oacute;: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>I</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>50</mn><mo>&#8728;</mo></msup></mstyle></math> (giả thiết) m&agrave; hai g&oacute;c n&agrave;y ở vị tr&iacute; đồng vị n&ecirc;n IK//BC (dấu hiệu nhận biết hai đường thẳng song song)<br />M&agrave; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>8</mn></mpadded><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>cm</mi></math> suy ra K l&agrave; trung điểm của AC.<br />Từ đ&oacute; &aacute;p dụng định l&iacute;: Đường thẳng đi qua trung điểm một cạnh của tam gi&aacute;c v&agrave; song song với cạnh thứ hai th&igrave; đi qua trung điểm của cạnh thứ ba.<br />Ta suy ra được I l&agrave; trung điểm của AB.<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>I</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>10</mn></mpadded><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>cm</mi><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>10</mn></mpadded><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>cm</mi></math></p>
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