Bài 5. Giá trị lượng giác của một góc từ 0° đến 180°
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 3.1 (Trang 32 SGK Toán 10, Bộ Kết nối tri thức, Tập 1)
<p><em><strong>Kh&ocirc;ng d&ugrave;ng bảng số hay m&aacute;y t&iacute;nh cầm tay, t&iacute;nh gi&aacute; trị c&aacute;c biểu thức sau:</strong></em></p> <p><em><strong>a) (2sin30<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos135<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; 3tan150<sup>0</sup>).(cos180<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; cot60<sup>0</sup>);</strong></em></p> <p><em><strong>b) sin<sup>2</sup>90<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>120<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>0<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; tan<sup>2</sup>60<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cot<sup>2</sup>135<sup>0</sup>;</strong></em></p> <p><em><strong>c) cos60<sup>0</sup>.sin30<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>30<sup>0</sup>.</strong></em></p> <p><em><strong>Ch&uacute; &yacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>sin</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>&#945;</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>sin</mi><mi>&#945;</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>,</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>&#945;</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>c</mi><mi>o</mi><mi mathvariant="normal">s</mi><mi>&#945;</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>,</mo></math></strong></em></p> <p><em><strong><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>tan</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>&#945;</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>tan</mi><mi>&#945;</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>,</mo><msup><mi>cot</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mi>&#945;</mi><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>cot</mi><mi>&#945;</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>.</mo></math></strong></em></p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Lời giải:</strong></em></span></p> <p>a) (2sin30<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos135<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; 3tan150<sup>0</sup>).(cos180<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; cot60<sup>0</sup>)</p> <p>= (2sin30<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash;&nbsp; cos45<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ 3tan30<sup>0</sup>).(-1 &ndash; tan30<sup>0</sup>)</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>=</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>2</mn><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>&#8722;</mo><mfrac><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn><mfrac><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt><mn>3</mn></mfrac></mrow></mfenced><mfenced><mrow><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo><mfrac><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt><mn>3</mn></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>=</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo><mfrac><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>+</mo><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt></mrow></mfenced><mfenced><mfrac><mrow><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt></mrow><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt></mfrac></mfenced></math></p> <p>&asymp; &ndash;3,194</p> <p>b) sin<sup>2</sup>90<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>120<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>0<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; tan<sup>2</sup>60<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cot<sup>2</sup>135<sup>0</sup></p> <p>= sin<sup>2</sup>90<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>60<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>0<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;&ndash; tan<sup>2</sup>60<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cot<sup>2</sup>45<sup>0</sup></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo><msup><mfenced><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#8722;</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac></math></p> <p>c) cos60<sup>0</sup>.sin30<sup>0</sup>&nbsp;+ cos<sup>2</sup>30<sup>0</sup></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>.</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced><mfrac><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>+</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>4</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></math></p>
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