Bài 2: Giải tam giác. Tính diện tích tam giác
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 7 (Trang 77, SGK Toán 10, Bộ Cánh Diều mới nhất, Tập 1)
<p><strong>B&agrave;i 7 (Trang 77, SGK To&aacute;n 10, Bộ C&aacute;nh diều, Tập 1)</strong></p> <p>Một người đi dọc bờ biển từ vị tr&iacute; A đến vị tr&iacute; B v&agrave; quan s&aacute;t một ngọn hải đăng. G&oacute;c nghi&ecirc;ng của phương quan s&aacute;t từ c&aacute;c vị tr&iacute; A, B tới ngọn hải đăng với đường đi của người quan s&aacute;t l&agrave; 45&deg; v&agrave; 75&deg;. Biết khoảng c&aacute;ch giữa hai bị tr&iacute; A, B l&agrave; 30 m (H&igrave;nh 32). Ngọn hải đăng c&aacute;ch bờ biển bao nhi&ecirc;u m&eacute;t (l&agrave;m tr&ograve;n kết quả đến h&agrave;ng đơn vị)?</p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/22062022/bai-7-trand-77-toan-lop-10-tap-1-1-eWP4UY.png" /></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Hướng dẫn giải:</strong></em></span></p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/22062022/bai-7-trand-77-toan-lop-10-tap-1-2-4tm8fe.png" /></p> <p>Giả sử C l&agrave; vị tr&iacute; của ngọn hải đăng, kẻ CH vu&ocirc;ng g&oacute;c AB th&igrave; CH l&agrave; khoảng c&aacute;ch giữa ngọn hải đăng v&agrave; bờ.&nbsp;</p> <p>Ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></math> l&agrave; g&oacute;c ngo&agrave;i tại đỉnh B của tam gi&aacute;c ABC.&nbsp;</p> <p>N&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&rArr;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>-</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mn>75</mn><mo>&deg;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>&deg;</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>&deg;</mo></math><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo></mo></math></p> <p>&Aacute;p dụng định l&iacute; sin trong tam gi&aacute;c ABC ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mi>C</mi></mfenced></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mi>A</mi></mfenced></mrow></mfrac></math><span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 21.78px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;sin&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;sin&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-63" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-64" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-65" class="mjx-mfrac"><span class="mjx-box MJXc-stacked"><span class="mjx-numerator"><span id="MJXc-Node-66" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-67" class="mjx-mi"></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&rArr;</mo><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mi>A</mi></mfenced></mrow><mrow><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mi>C</mi></mfenced></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>30</mn><mo>.</mo><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>45</mn><mo>&deg;</mo></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mrow><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>30</mn><mo>&deg;</mo></mrow></mfenced></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>30</mn><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt></math></p> <p>Tam gi&aacute;c CBH vu&ocirc;ng tại H n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></mfrac></math><span id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 21.78px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;sin&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mover accent=&quot;true&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;^&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mover&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mfrac&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mfrac&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-112" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-113" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-114" class="mjx-mi"></span></span></span></span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn></mn></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&rArr;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>30</mn><msqrt><mn>2</mn></msqrt><mo>.</mo><mi>sin</mi><mfenced><mrow><mn>75</mn><mo>&deg;</mo></mrow></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>15</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>15</mn><msqrt><mn>3</mn></msqrt><mo>&asymp;</mo><mn>41</mn></math></p> <p>Vậy ngọn hải đăng c&aacute;ch bờ biển khoảng 41 m.</p>
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