Bài 3: Diện Tích Tam Giác
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 19 (Trang 122 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong>LG a.</strong></p> <p>Xem h&igrave;nh&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;133.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">13</span></span></span></span><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3.</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;H&atilde;y chỉ ra c&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c c&oacute; c&ugrave;ng diện t&iacute;ch (lấy &ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng l&agrave;m đơn vị diện t&iacute;ch):</p> <div id="adbro" class="adbro-sm adbro-xs"> <div class="adbro-fpt"> <div class="adbro-fpt__container"> <div class="adbro-fpt__bg"><img src="https://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/2018/0716/b19-trang-122-sgk-toan-8-t-1-c2.jpg" /></div> <div class="adbro-fpt__bg"> <div id="sub-question-1" class="box-question top20"> <p><strong>Phương ph&aacute;p giải:</strong></p> <p>Đếm số &ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng v&agrave; &aacute;p dụng c&ocirc;ng thức t&iacute;nh diện t&iacute;ch tam gi&aacute;c.</p> <p><strong>Lời giải chi tiết:</strong></p> <p>C&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c số&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-6" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">1</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-7" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-8" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">3</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-9" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-10" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">6</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;c&oacute; c&ugrave;ng diện t&iacute;ch l&agrave;&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-11" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-12" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-13" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">4</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;&ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng.</p> <p>C&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c số&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;8&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>8</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;c&oacute; c&ugrave;ng diện t&iacute;ch l&agrave;&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;&ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng.</p> <p>C&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c số&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;7&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-22" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-23" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-24" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">4</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-25" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-26" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">5</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-27" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-28" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">7</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; c&ugrave;ng diện t&iacute;ch với c&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c n&agrave;o kh&aacute;c (diện t&iacute;ch tam gi&aacute;c số&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-7-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-29" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-30" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-31" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">4</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;l&agrave;&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-8-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>5</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;&ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng, tam gi&aacute;c số&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-9-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-35" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-36" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-37" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">5</span></span></span></span><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>5</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;l&agrave;&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-10-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-38" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-39" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-40" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">4</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-41" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-42" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">5</span></span></span></span></span> &ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng, tam gi&aacute;c số <span id="MathJax-Element-11-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;7&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>7</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;l&agrave;&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-12-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn></math></span></span>&nbsp;&ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng).</p> </div> <div id="sub-question-2" class="box-question top20"> <p><strong>LG b.</strong></p> <p>Hai tam gi&aacute;c c&oacute; diện t&iacute;ch bằng nhau th&igrave; c&oacute; bằng nhau hay kh&ocirc;ng?</p> <p><strong>Phương ph&aacute;p giải:</strong></p> <p>Đếm số &ocirc; vu&ocirc;ng v&agrave; &aacute;p dụng c&ocirc;ng thức t&iacute;nh diện t&iacute;ch tam gi&aacute;c.</p> <p><strong>Lời giải chi tiết:</strong></p> <p>Hai tam gi&aacute;c c&oacute; diện t&iacute;ch bằng nhau th&igrave; chưa chắc hai tam gi&aacute;c đ&oacute; đ&atilde; bằng nhau.</p> <p>V&igrave; diện t&iacute;ch của tam gi&aacute;c l&agrave; nửa t&iacute;ch của độ d&agrave;i đ&aacute;y với chiều cao tương ứng của đ&aacute;y, n&ecirc;n&nbsp;chỉ cần t&iacute;ch của đ&aacute;y với chiều cao tương ứng bằng nhau th&igrave; hai tam gi&aacute;c đ&oacute; c&oacute; diện t&iacute;ch bằng nhau. C&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c n&agrave;y kh&ocirc;ng chắc l&agrave; bằng nhau&nbsp;</p> <p>- V&iacute; dụ như c&aacute;c tam gi&aacute;c&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-13-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;6&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-51" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-52" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-53" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">1</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-54" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-55" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">3</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-56" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-57" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">6</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;c&oacute; c&ugrave;ng diện t&iacute;ch nhưng kh&ocirc;ng bằng nhau.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> </div> </div> <div class="adbro-fpt__bg">&nbsp;</div> </div> </div> </div>
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