Bài 3: Diện Tích Tam Giác
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 17 (Trang 121 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong class="content_question">Đề b&agrave;i</strong></p> <p>Cho tam gi&aacute;c&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>B</mi></math></span></span>&nbsp;vu&ocirc;ng tại&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>O</mi></math></span></span>&nbsp;với đường cao&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-9" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-10" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-11" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">O</span></span></span></span><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>M</mi></math></span></span>&nbsp;(h.<span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;131&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-13" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-14" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-15" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">13</span></span></span></span><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn></math></span></span>). H&atilde;y giải th&iacute;ch v&igrave; sao ta c&oacute; đẳng thức:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-16" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-17" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-18" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-19" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-20" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">.</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-21" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">O</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-22" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">M</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-23" class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">=</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-24" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">O</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-25" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-26" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">.</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-27" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">O</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-28" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-29" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;.&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span class="mjx-mrow"><span class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R"><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/12072022/b17-trand-121-sdk-toan-8-t-1-c2-YhFQRi.jpg" /></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>Lời giải chi tiết<br />Ta c&oacute; c&aacute;ch t&iacute;nh diện t&iacute;ch tam gi&aacute;c AOB với đường cao OM v&agrave; cạnh đ&aacute;y AB :<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>.</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>&#8290;</mo></math><br />Ta lại c&oacute; c&aacute;ch t&iacute;nh diện t&iacute;ch tam gi&aacute;c AOB vu&ocirc;ng với hai cạnh g&oacute;c vu&ocirc;ng OA, OB l&agrave;<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mfrac><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8901;</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mpadded><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#8290;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>&#8901;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8901;</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mspace/><mrow><mo>(</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>S</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>M</mi><mo>&#8901;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8901;</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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