Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 9 (Trang 100, SGK Toán 10, Bộ Cánh Diều mới nhất, Tập 1)
<p><strong>Bài 9 (Trang 100, SGK Toán 10, Bộ Cánh Diều mới nhất, Tập 1)</strong></p>
<p>Hai lực <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo> </mo></math>cho trước cùng tác dụng lên một vật tại điểm O và tạo với nhau một góc <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><mrow><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mrow></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mi>α</mi></math> làm cho vật di chuyển theo hướng từ O đến C (Hình 74). Lập công thức tính cường độ của hợp lực <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></math> làm cho vật di chuyển theo hướng từ O đến C (giả sử chỉ có đúng hai lực <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo> </mo></math>làm cho vật di chuyển).</p>
<p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/11072022/bai-9-trand-100-toan-lop-10-tap-1-ml8yOU.png" /></p>
<p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><em><strong>Hướng dẫn giải:</strong></em></span></p>
<p>Ta thấy, AOBC là hình bình hành. </p>
<p>Do đó: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>→</mo></mover></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⇒</mo><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></math> (1)</p>
<p>Ta cần tính cường độ của hợp lực <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></math> hay chính là tính <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced></math></p>
<p>Từ (1)<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⇒</mo><msup><mfenced><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⇔</mo><msup><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>.</mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><msup><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mn>2</mn></msup><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>⇔</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>.</mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo> </mo><mfenced><mn>2</mn></mfenced></math></p>
<p>Ta lại có: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>.</mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mrow><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover><mo>,</mo><mo> </mo><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mrow></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mi>α</mi></mfenced></math> (3)</p>
<p>Từ (2) và (3) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⇒</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mi>α</mi></mfenced><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup></math></p>
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>⇒</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>=</mo><msqrt><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mi>α</mi></mfenced><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup></msqrt></math></p>
<p>Vậy công thức tính cường độ của hợp lực <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></math> làm cho vật di chuyển theo hướng từ O đến C là: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><mi>F</mi><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>=</mo><msqrt><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mo>.</mo><mi>cos</mi><mfenced><mi>α</mi></mfenced><mo>+</mo><msup><mfenced open="|" close="|"><mover><msub><mi>F</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>→</mo></mover></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup></msqrt></math></p>