Bài 9: Hình Chữ Nhật
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 63 (Trang 100 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong class="content_question">Đề b&agrave;i</strong></p> <p>T&igrave;m&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">x</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;tr&ecirc;n h&igrave;nh&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;90.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-6" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">90.</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/05072022/b63-trand-100-sdk-toan-8-t-1-c2-kw1IKQ.jpg" /></p> <p><strong class="content_detail">Lời giải chi tiết</strong></p> <p><strong class="content_detail"><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/05072022/b63a-trand-100-sdk-toan-8-t-1-c2-nxNg1B.jpg" /></strong></p> <p><span class="content_detail">Kẻ <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>⟂</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mi>D</mi></math><br />Tứ gi&aacute;c ABHD c&oacute; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><mi>A</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><mi>D</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><mi>H</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>90</mn><mo>∘</mo></msup></mstyle></math> (giả thiết)<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mo>&rArr;</mo></mstyle></math> Tứ gi&aacute;c ABHD l&agrave; h&igrave;nh chữ nhật (dấu hiệu nhận biết h&igrave;nh chữ nhật)<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mo>&rArr;</mo><mi>D</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>10</mn></mstyle></math> (t&iacute;nh chất h&igrave;nh chữ nhật)<br />Ta c&oacute;: HC=DC - DH=15-10=5.<br />&Aacute;p dụng định l&iacute; Pytago v&agrave;o tam gi&aacute;c vu&ocirc;ng BHC vu&ocirc;ng tại H ta c&oacute;:<br /></span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>⁢</mo><msup><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>⁢</mo><mo>=</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>⁢</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>⁢</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>13</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mpadded><msup><mn>5</mn><mn>2</mn></msup></mpadded><mo>⁢</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"></mspace><mo>=</mo><mn>169</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>25</mn><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>144</mn></mpadded><mo>⁢</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>⁢</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"></mspace><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><msqrt><mn>144</mn></msqrt><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>12</mn></mpadded><mo>⁢</mo></math><strong class="content_detail"><br /></strong></p> <p><span class="content_detail">Vậy x=12.</span></p>
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