Bài 8. Các trường hợp đồng dạng của tam giác vuông
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 51 (Trang 84 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 2)
<p><strong class="content_question">Đề b&agrave;i</strong></p> <p>Cho một tam gi&aacute;c vu&ocirc;ng, trong đ&oacute; c&oacute; cạnh huyền d&agrave;i&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;20&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>20</mn><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi></math></span></span>&nbsp;v&agrave; một cạnh g&oacute;c vu&ocirc;ng d&agrave;i&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;12&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;c&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;m&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-6" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-7" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-8" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">12</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-9" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">c</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-10" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">m</span></span></span></span></span>. T&iacute;nh độ d&agrave;i h&igrave;nh chiếu cạnh g&oacute;c vu&ocirc;ng kia tr&ecirc;n cạnh huyền.</p> <p><strong class="content_detail">Lời giải chi tiết</strong></p> <p><strong class="content_detail"><img src="https://img.loigiaihay.com/picture/2018/0718/b52-trang-85-sgk-toan-8-t2-c2.jpg" /></strong></p> <p><span class="content_detail"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#9651;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mstyle></math> vu&ocirc;ng tại A c&oacute; đường cao AH, <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>20</mn></mpadded><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>cm</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>=</mo><mpadded><mn>12</mn></mpadded><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>cm</mi></mstyle></math>. Ta t&iacute;nh HC.<br />Ta c&oacute;: <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#9651;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mo>~</mo><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#9651;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi></mstyle></math> v&igrave;:<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><mi>B</mi><mo>^</mo></mover></mstyle></math> chung<br /></span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover accent="true"><mi>H</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><mi>A</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mpadded><msup><mn>90</mn><mo>&#8728;</mo></msup></mpadded></math><strong class="content_detail"><br /></strong></p> <p><span class="content_detail"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>H</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi></mrow></mfrac></math> (t&iacute;nh chất 2 tam gi&aacute;c đồng dạng)</span></p> <p><span class="content_detail"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>.</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></math></span></p> <p><span class="content_detail"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><msup><mn>12</mn><mn>2</mn></msup><mn>20</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#8290;</mo><mrow><mo>(</mo><mi>cm</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow></math></span></p> <p><span class="content_detail"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mrow><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>20</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>7</mn></mrow><mo>,</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>12</mn><mo>,</mo><mpadded><mn>8</mn></mpadded><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>cm</mi></math></span></p>
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