Bài 8: Đối Xứng Tâm
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 50 (Trang 94 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong>Bài 50 (Trang 94 SGK Toán 8, Phần Hình học, Tập 1):</strong></p>
<p>Vẽ điểm <span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup"><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">′</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> đối xứng với <span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-6" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-7" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-8" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span></span></span></span> qua <span id="MathJax-Element-3-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi></math></span></span>, vẽ điểm <span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span> đối xứng với <span id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi></math></span></span> qua <span id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi></math></span></span> (h.<span id="MathJax-Element-7-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>81</mn></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-23" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-24" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-25" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">81</span></span></span></span></span>).</p>
<p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/04072022/eb9cc4e973f5b0abe9e4-PS3Tly.jpg" /></p>
<p><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Hướng dẫn giải:</strong></span></em></p>
<p><strong><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/04072022/b50-trand-95-sdk-toan-8-t-1-c2-jBkSl8.jpg" /></strong></p>
<p>Ta vẽ như sau:</p>
<p>+) Vẽ đoạn thẳng <span id="MathJax-Element-10-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-32" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-33" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-34" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-35" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span></span></span></span> rồi kéo dài về phía <span id="MathJax-Element-11-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>,</mo></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-36" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-37" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-38" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-39" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span></span></span></span> chọn điểm <span id="MathJax-Element-12-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-40" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-41" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-42" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-43" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A'</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> sao cho <span id="MathJax-Element-13-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-45" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-46" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-47" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span></span></span></span> là trung điểm của <span id="MathJax-Element-14-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup><mo>.</mo></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-48" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-49" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-50" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-51" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-52" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup"><span id="MJXc-Node-53" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">′</span></span></span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-54" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">.</span></span></span></span></span> Ta được điểm <span id="MathJax-Element-15-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-55" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-56" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-57" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-58" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup"><span id="MJXc-Node-59" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">′</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> đối xứng với <span id="MathJax-Element-16-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-60" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-61" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-62" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span></span></span></span> qua <span id="MathJax-Element-17-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>.</mo></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>.</mo></math></span></span></p>
<p>+) Vẽ đoạn thẳng <span id="MathJax-Element-18-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi></math></span></span> rồi kéo dài về phía <span id="MathJax-Element-19-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>.</mo></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-71" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-72" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-73" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-74" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">.</span></span></span></span></span> Chọn điểm <span id="MathJax-Element-20-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-75" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-76" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-77" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-78" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup"><span id="MJXc-Node-79" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">′</span></span></span></span></span></span></span>, sao cho <span id="MathJax-Element-21-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-80" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-81" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-82" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span></span></span></span> là trung điểm của <span id="MathJax-Element-22-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>′</mo></msup></math></span></span>. Ta được điểm <span id="MathJax-Element-23-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>&#x2032;</mo></msup></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-89" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-90" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-91" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-92" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span></span><span class="mjx-sup"><span id="MJXc-Node-93" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">′</span></span></span></span></span></span></span> đối xứng với <span id="MathJax-Element-24-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-94" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-95" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-96" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span></span></span></span> qua <span id="MathJax-Element-25-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>.</mo></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mo>.</mo></math></span></span> </p>
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Hướng dẫn giải Bài 54 (Trang 96 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
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Hướng dẫn giải Bài 55 (Trang 96 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
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Hướng dẫn giải Bài 56 (Trang 96 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
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Hướng dẫn giải Bài 57 (Trang 96 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
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