Bài 7: Tam giác cân
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 3 (Trang 96 SGK Toán 7, Bộ Cánh diều, Tập 2)
<p><strong>B&agrave;i 3 (Trang 96 SGK To&aacute;n 7, Bộ C&aacute;nh diều, Tập 2)</strong></p> <p>Cho tam gi&aacute;c ABC vu&ocirc;ng c&acirc;n tại A. Gọi M l&agrave; trung điểm của cạnh huyền BC. Chứng minh tam gi&aacute;c MAB vu&ocirc;ng c&acirc;n.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Hướng dẫn giải</strong></span></em></p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/12102022/bai-3-trand-96-toan-lop-7-tap-2-UkokvQ.png" /></p> <p>Tam gi&aacute;c&nbsp;<em>ABC</em>&nbsp;vu&ocirc;ng c&acirc;n tại&nbsp;<em>A</em>&nbsp;n&ecirc;n<strong>&nbsp;</strong><br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mi>A</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mi>B</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mi>C</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>.</mo></math><br />Tổng ba g&oacute;c trong một tam gi&aacute;c bằng 180&deg; n&ecirc;n<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mi>B</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mi>C</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math></p> <p align="left"><em>X&eacute;t tam gi&aacute;c ABM v&agrave; tam gi&aacute;c ACM c&oacute;:</em></p> <p align="left">AB = AC</p> <p align="left">AM chung</p> <p align="left">BM = CM</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi></math> (c - c -c)</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></math> ( 2 g&oacute;c tương ứng)</p> <p>m&agrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>:</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>X&eacute;t&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>:</mo><mo>&#160;</mo></math><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>45</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>A</mi></math></p> <p>Vậy tam gi&aacute;c MAB vu&ocirc;ng c&acirc;n tại M.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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