Bài 4: Hàm số mũ. Hàm số lôgarit
<span data-v-a7c68f28="">Hướng dẫn giải Bài 3 (Trang 77 SGK Toán Giải Tích 12)</span>
<p><strong>B&agrave;i 3 (Trang 77 SGK To&aacute;n Giải T&iacute;ch 12):</strong></p> <p>T&igrave;m tập x&aacute;c định của c&aacute;c h&agrave;m số:</p> <p>a)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mfenced><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow></mfenced></math>;</p> <p>b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mfenced><mrow><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow></mfenced></math>;</p> <p>c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac></msub><mfenced><mrow><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></mfenced></math>;</p> <p>d)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mfenced><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow></mfrac></mfenced></math></p> <p><strong><em>Hướng dẫn giải:</em></strong></p> <p>a) H&agrave;m số y = log<sub>2</sub>(5 - 2x) x&aacute;c định&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>5</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math>.</p> <p>Vậy tập x&aacute;c định của h&agrave;m số&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mfrac><mn>5</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></mrow></mfenced></math>.</p> <p>b) H&agrave;m số y = log<sub>3</sub>(x<sup>2</sup> - 2x) x&aacute;c định&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>ho&#7863;c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn></math></p> <p>Vậy tập x&aacute;c định của h&agrave;m số l&agrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></mfenced><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8746;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></mfenced></math></p> <p>c) H&agrave;m số&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac></msub><mfenced><mrow><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></mfenced></math> x&aacute;c định&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msup><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>4</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced><mfenced><mrow><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></mrow></mfenced><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>ho&#7863;c</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></p> <p>Vậy tập x&aacute;c định của h&agrave;m số l&agrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mo>-</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo><mo>;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced><mo>&#8746;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>3</mn><mo>;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#8734;</mo></mrow></mfenced></math>.</p> <p>d) H&agrave;m số&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>log</mi><mrow><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn></mrow></msub><mfenced><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac></mfenced></math> x&aacute;c định&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>&#62;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfenced><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi></mrow></mfenced><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#62;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>3</mn><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow></mfenced><mo>(</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>2</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#60;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></p> <p>Vậy tập x&aacute;c định của h&agrave;m số l&agrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi mathvariant="normal">D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mrow><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></mrow><mn>3</mn></mfrac><mo>;</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced></math></p> <p><strong>Kiến thức &aacute;p dụng trong b&agrave;i tập:</strong></p> <div class="note"> <p>+ Với a &gt; 0 v&agrave; a &ne; 1 th&igrave; h&agrave;m số y = log<sub>a</sub>f(x) x&aacute;c định khi f(x) c&oacute; nghĩa v&agrave; f(x) &gt; 0.</p> </div>
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 3 (Trang 77, SGK Toán Giải tích 12)
GV: GV colearn
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Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 3 (Trang 77, SGK Toán Giải tích 12)
GV: GV colearn