Bài tập cuối chương 3
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 9 (Trang 61 SGK Toán 10, Bộ Cánh diều, Tập 1)
<p><strong>B&agrave;i 9 (Trang 61 SGK To&aacute;n 10, Bộ C&aacute;nh diều, Tập 1)</strong></p> <p>Một kĩ sư thiết kế đường d&acirc;y điện từ vị tr&iacute; A đến vị tr&iacute; S v&agrave; từ vị tr&iacute; S đến vị tr&iacute; C tr&ecirc;n c&ugrave; lao như H&igrave;nh 38. Tiền c&ocirc;ng thiết kế mỗi ki-l&ocirc;-m&eacute;t đường d&acirc;y từ A đến S v&agrave; từ S đến C lần lượt l&agrave; 3 triệu đồng v&agrave; 5 triệu đồng. Biết tổng số tiền c&ocirc;ng l&agrave; 16 triệu đồng. T&iacute;nh tổng số ki-l&ocirc;-m&eacute;t đường d&acirc;y điện đ&atilde; thiết kế.</p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/09112022/bai-9-trand-61-toan-lop-10-tap-1-q6KDiz.png" /></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Hướng dẫn giải</strong></span></em></p> <p>Gọi khoảng c&aacute;ch từ A đến S l&agrave; x (km) (0 &lt; x &lt; 4)</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&rArr;</mo></math> BS = 4 - x (km)</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&rArr;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>S</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msqrt><mi>C</mi><msup><mi>B</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mi>B</mi><msup><mi>S</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></msqrt><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msqrt><mn>1</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&thinsp;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></msqrt><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>k</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>)</mo></math></p> <p>Tổng số tiền từ A đến C l&agrave;:</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn><mi>S</mi><mi>A</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>5</mn><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>5</mn><msqrt><mn>1</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&thinsp;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></msqrt></math> (triệu đồng)</p> <p>Khi đ&oacute; ta c&oacute; phương tr&igrave;nh:</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>5</mn><msqrt><mn>1</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&thinsp;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></msqrt><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>16</mn></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&hArr;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>5</mn><msqrt><mn>1</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&thinsp;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></msqrt><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>16</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi></math></p> <p style="text-align: left;"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&hArr;</mo><mn>25</mn><mo>(</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>8</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>17</mn><mo>)</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msup><mrow><mo>(</mo><mn>16</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>)</mo></mrow><mn>2</mn></msup></math> (B&igrave;nh phương hai vế)</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&hArr;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>16</mn><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>104</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>169</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>0</mn></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&hArr;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mfrac><mn>13</mn><mn>4</mn></mfrac></math> (thỏa m&atilde;n)</p> <p>Do&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>16</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>&gt;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>&hArr;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>&lt;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>4</mn></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&rArr;</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msqrt><mn>1</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>)</mo></msqrt><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>25</mn></math>.</p> <p>Vậy tổng ki-l&ocirc;-m&eacute;t đường d&acirc;y điện đ&atilde; thiết kế l&agrave; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><mi>A</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mi>S</mi><mi>C</mi><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>25</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>25</mn><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&nbsp;</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn></math> (km)<span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;A&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;3.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;5.&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;msqrt&gt;&lt;mn&gt;1&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;(&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mrow class=&quot;MJX-TeXAtom-ORD&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2212;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;)&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msqrt&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-50" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-51" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-52" class="mjx-mn"></span></span></span></span></p> <p><span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mo stretchy=&quot;false&quot;&gt;&amp;#x21D2;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;B&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;S&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;=&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;4&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2212;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;x&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mo"></span></span></span></span></p>
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