Bài 6: Đối Xứng Trục
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 38 (Trang 88 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong class="content_question">Đề bài</strong></p>
<p>Thực hành. Cắt một tấm bìa hình tam giác cân, một tấm bìa hình thang cân. Hãy cho biết đường nào là trục đối xứng của mỗi hình, sau đó gấp mỗi tấm bìa để kiểm tra lại điều đó.</p>
<p><strong class="content_detail">Lời giải chi tiết</strong></p>
<p>Đối với tam giác cân hình <span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>38</mn><mi>a</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-16" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-17" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-18" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">38</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-19" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">a</span></span></span></span></span>:</p>
<p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/01072022/beb2b0eb-476e-4ea4-9545-e2b4f863aa21.PNG" /></p>
<div class="separator"><span id="MathJax-Element-5-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#x2206;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-20" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-21" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-22" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">Δ</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-23" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-24" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-25" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span></span></span></span> cân tại <span id="MathJax-Element-6-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi></math></span></span>, trục đối xứng là đường cao <span id="MathJax-Element-7-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>H</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-29" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-30" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-31" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-32" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">H</span></span></span></span></span> với <span id="MathJax-Element-8-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>H</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-33" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-34" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-35" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">H</span></span></span></span></span> là trung điểm của đoạn <span id="MathJax-Element-9-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-36" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-37" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-38" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-39" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span></span></span></span> (đường này đồng thời là đường phân giác, đường trung trực, đường trung tuyến).</div>
<div class="separator">- Đối với hình thang cân hình <span id="MathJax-Element-10-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>38</mn><mi>b</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>38</mn><mi>b</mi></math></span></span>: </div>
<div class="separator"><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/01072022/f39582b6-16a9-40ea-b023-8b931b05a6fd.PNG" /></div>
<p>Hình thang cân <span id="MathJax-Element-11-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; color: #000000; font-family: OpenSans, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mspace width="thickmathspace" /><mo stretchy="false">(</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>/</mo></mrow><mrow class="MJX-TeXAtom-ORD"><mo>/</mo></mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mo stretchy="false">)</mo></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-44" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-45" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-46" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-47" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-48" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-49" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">D</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-50" class="mjx-mspace"></span><span id="MJXc-Node-51" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">(</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-52" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">A</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-53" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">B</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-54" class="mjx-texatom"><span id="MJXc-Node-55" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-56" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">/</span></span></span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-57" class="mjx-texatom"><span id="MJXc-Node-58" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-59" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">/</span></span></span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-60" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-61" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">D</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-62" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">)</span></span></span></span></span>, trục đối xứng là đường thẳng <span id="MathJax-Element-12-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; color: #000000; font-family: OpenSans, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>K</mi><mi>H</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>K</mi><mi>H</mi></math></span></span> với <span id="MathJax-Element-13-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; color: #000000; font-family: OpenSans, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>H</mi><mo>,</mo><mi>K</mi></math>"><span id="MJXc-Node-67" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-68" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-69" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">H</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-70" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-71" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">K</span></span></span></span></span> lần lượt là trung điểm của <span id="MathJax-Element-14-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; color: #000000; font-family: OpenSans, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></math></span></span> và <span id="MathJax-Element-15-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: 400; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: 0px; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; color: #000000; font-family: OpenSans, Tahoma, Helvetica, sans-serif; font-variant-ligatures: normal; font-variant-caps: normal; orphans: 2; widows: 2; -webkit-text-stroke-width: 0px; text-decoration-thickness: initial; text-decoration-style: initial; text-decoration-color: initial; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>.</mo></math>"><span class="MJX_Assistive_MathML" role="presentation"><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>.</mo></math></span></span><br /><br /></p>
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