Bài 4: Khái niệm hai tam giác đồng dạng
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 28 (Trang 72 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 2)
<p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#916;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>A</mi><mrow><mo>'</mo><mo>'</mo></mrow></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mrow><mo>'</mo><mo>'</mo></mrow></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mrow><mo>'</mo><mo>'</mo></mrow></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><mo>~</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#916;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mstyle></math> theo tỉ số đồng dạng <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac><mo>.</mo></math><br />LG a.<br />T&iacute;nh tỉ số chu vi của hai tam gi&aacute;c đ&atilde; cho.<br />Phương ph&aacute;p giải:<br />&Aacute;p dụng:<br />- T&iacute;nh chất hai tam gi&aacute;c đồng dạng.<br />- T&iacute;nh chất của d&atilde;y tỉ số bằng nhau.<br />Giải chi tiết:<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#916;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><mo>~</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#9651;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mstyle></math> theo tỉ số đồng dạng <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac></mstyle></math> (gt) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac></mstyle></math> (t&iacute;nh chất hai tam gi&aacute;c đồng dạng)<br />&Aacute;p dụng t&iacute;nh chất của d&atilde;y tỉ số bằng nhau ta c&oacute;:<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>+</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>+</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><msub><mi>C</mi><mrow><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow></msub><msub><mi>C</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></mfrac></mstyle></math><br />Với <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><msub><mi>C</mi><mrow><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mrow></msub><mo>;</mo><msub><mi>C</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></mstyle></math> lần lượt l&agrave; chu vi hai tam gi&aacute;c <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mstyle></math><br />Vậy tỉ số chu vi của <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#916;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>A</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>B</mi><mo>'</mo></msup><mo>&#8290;</mo><msup><mi>C</mi><mo>'</mo></msup></mstyle></math> v&agrave; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mi mathvariant="normal">&#916;</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>A</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>B</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>C</mi></mstyle></math> l&agrave; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>5</mn></mfrac><mo>.</mo></math></p>
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