Bài 13: Hai tam giác bằng nhau. Trường hợp bằng nhau thứ nhất của tam giác
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 4.6 (Trang 67 SGK Toán 7, Bộ Kết nối tri thức, Tập 1)
<p><strong>B&agrave;i 4.6 (Trang 67 SGK To&aacute;n 7, Bộ Kết nối tri thức với cuộc sống, Tập 1)</strong></p> <p>Cho H&igrave;nh 4.20, biết AB = CB, AD = CD,&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>a) Chứng minh rằng&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>b) T&iacute;nh&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/30092022/download-9-GUfqyp.png" /></p> <p><em><strong>Hướng dẫn giải</strong></em></p> <p>a) X&eacute;t hai tam gi&aacute;c ABD v&agrave; CBD c&oacute;:</p> <p>AB = BC (theo giả thiết).</p> <p>AD = CD (theo giả thiết).</p> <p>BD chung.</p> <p>Vậy&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>.</mo></math> (c.c.c)</p> <p>b) V&igrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>m</mi><mi>t</mi><mo>)</mo></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math></p> <p>X&eacute;t tam gi&aacute;c ABD vu&ocirc;ng tại A c&oacute;:&nbsp;</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math> (Trong tam gi&aacute;c vu&ocirc;ng, hai g&oacute;c nhọn phụ nhau)</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>D</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>90</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>60</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math></p> <p>Do&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></math>n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>60</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math> (Hai g&oacute;c tương ứng)</p> <p>Khi đ&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>60</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>60</mn><mo>&#176;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>120</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math></p> <p>Vậy&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>120</mn><mo>&#176;</mo></math>.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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