Bài 1. Định nghĩa và ý nghĩa của đạo hàm
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 4 (Trang 156 SGK Toán Đại số & Giải tích 11)
<p>Chứng minh rằng h&agrave;m số<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfenced open="{" close=""><mtable columnspacing="1.4ex" columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow></mfenced></mtd><mtd><mi>n</mi><mi>&#7871;</mi><mi>u</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mo>-</mo><msup><mi>x</mi><mn>2</mn></msup></mtd><mtd><mi>n</mi><mi>&#7871;</mi><mi>u</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>0</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable></mfenced></math> kh&ocirc;ng c&oacute; đạo h&agrave;m tại x=0 nhưng c&oacute; đạo h&agrave;m tại diểm x=2</p> <p>Giải</p> <p>Ta c&oacute;&nbsp;</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></munder><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>=</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></munder><msup><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>-</mo></msup></mrow></munder><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><msup><mn>0</mn><mo>+</mo></msup></mrow></munder><msup><mfenced><mrow><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>V</mi><mi>&#7853;</mi><mi>y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>&#7889;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>g</mi><mi>i</mi><mi>&#225;</mi><mi>n</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>&#273;</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>&#7841;</mi><mi>n</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>&#7841;</mi><mi>i</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>.</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>T</mi><mi>&#7915;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>&#273;</mi><mi>&#243;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>u</mi><mi>y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>r</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>&#7889;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>k</mi><mi>h</mi><mi>&#244;</mi><mi>n</mi><mi>g</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>&#243;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>&#273;</mi><mi>&#7841;</mi><mi>o</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>&#7841;</mi><mi>i</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>T</mi><mi>a</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>&#243;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></munder><mfrac><mrow><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mrow><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfenced><mo>-</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mn>2</mn></mfenced></mrow><mrow><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></munder><mfrac><mrow><msup><mfenced><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfenced><mn>2</mn></msup><mo>-</mo><msup><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></msup></mrow><mrow><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfrac><mo>=</mo><munder><mi>lim</mi><mrow><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mn>0</mn></mrow></munder><mfenced><mrow><mn>2</mn><mo>+</mo><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>x</mi></mrow></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mi>v</mi><mi>&#7853;</mi><mi>y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>s</mi><mi>&#7889;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>f</mi><mfenced><mi>x</mi></mfenced><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>c</mi><mi>&#243;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>&#273;</mi><mi>&#7841;</mi><mi>o</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>h</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mi>m</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>t</mi><mi>&#7841;</mi><mi>i</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>f</mi><mo>'</mo><mfenced><mn>2</mn></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#160;</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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