Bài 2: Liên hệ giữa cung và dây
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 13 (Trang 72 SGK Toán 9 Hình học, Tập 2)
<p>Chứng minh rằng trong một đường tr&ograve;n, hai cung bị chắn giữa hai d&acirc;y song song th&igrave; bằng nhau.</p> <p><strong>Giải</strong></p> <ul> <li>Trường hợp t&acirc;m O ngo&agrave;i hai d&acirc;y song song (h&igrave;nh a) kẻ đường k&iacute;nh MN // AB, ta c&oacute;:</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mi>A</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>,</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mi>B</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></math> (c&aacute;c g&oacute;c so le trong)</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; M&agrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mi>A</mi><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>(</mo><mo>&#9651;</mo><mi>O</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></math> c&acirc;n)</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; Vậy:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></math> suy ra:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math>&nbsp; &nbsp;(1)</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; L&iacute; luận tương tự, ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (2)</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; V&igrave; C nằm tr&ecirc;n cung&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math> v&agrave; D nằm tr&ecirc;n cung&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math>, từ (1) v&agrave; (2) suy ra:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>-</mo><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>-</mo><mover><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/01032022/hinh-75-OQ4SdA.png" /></p> <ul> <li>Trường hợp t&acirc;m O nằm trong hai d&acirc;y song song (h&igrave;nh b) kẻ đường k&iacute;nh MN // AB // CD. Chứng minh tương tự ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;</li> </ul> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>3</mn><mo>)</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>(</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>)</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;V&igrave; C nằm tr&ecirc;n cung&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>,</mo></math> D nằm tr&ecirc;n cung&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math> n&ecirc;n từ (3) v&agrave; (4) suy ra:</p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover><mrow><mi>D</mi><mi>N</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; hay&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mover><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover><mrow><mi>B</mi><mi>D</mi></mrow><mo>&#9180;</mo></mover></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;<img class="wscnph" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/01032022/hinh-76-WffpAS.png" /></p>
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 13 (Trang 72, SGK Toán Hình học 9, Tập 2)
GV: GV colearn
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Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 13 (Trang 72, SGK Toán Hình học 9, Tập 2)
GV: GV colearn