Bài 11: Hình Thoi
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 78 (Trang 106 SGK Toán Hình học 8, Tập 1)
<p><strong class="content_question">Đề b&agrave;i</strong></p> <p>&nbsp;Đố. H&igrave;nh&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mn&gt;103&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mn"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">103</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;biểu diễn một phần của cửa xếp, gồm những thanh kim loại d&agrave;i bằng nhau v&agrave; được li&ecirc;n kết với nhau bởi c&aacute;c chốt tại hai đầu v&agrave; tại trung điểm. V&igrave; sao tại mỗi vị tr&iacute; của cửa xếp, c&aacute;c tứ gi&aacute;c tr&ecirc;n h&igrave;nh vẽ đều l&agrave; h&igrave;nh thoi, c&aacute;c điểm chốt&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 16.94px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;I&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;K&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;M&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;N&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;,&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;O&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-6" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">I</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-7" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-8" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">K</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-9" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-10" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">M</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-11" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-12" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">N</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-13" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">,</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-14" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space1"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">O</span></span></span></span></span>&nbsp;nằm tr&ecirc;n một đường thẳng ?&nbsp;</p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/08072022/b78-trand-106-sdk-toan-8-t-1-c2-BXQx6W.jpg" /></p> <p><strong class="content_detail">Lời giải chi tiết</strong></p> <p><strong class="content_detail"><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/08072022/h172-bai-78-trand-106-sdk-toan-8-t1-qtFbOy.jpg" /></strong></p> <p><span class="content_detail">C&aacute;c tứ gi&aacute;c IEKF, KGMH l&agrave; h&igrave;nh thoi (gt)<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>I</mi></mstyle></math> l&agrave; ph&acirc;n gi&aacute;c của <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>,</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>M</mi></mstyle></math> l&agrave; ph&acirc;n gi&aacute;c của <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>G</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></mstyle></math> (t&iacute;nh chất h&igrave;nh thoi)<br />M&agrave; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>E</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>F</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><mrow><mi>H</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>K</mi><mo>&#8290;</mo><mi>G</mi></mrow><mo>^</mo></mover></mstyle></math> (đối đỉnh)<br /><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>5</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>&#8290;</mo></math><br />Do đ&oacute; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mstyle displaystyle="false"><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>+</mo><mover accent="true"><msub><mi>K</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>^</mo></mover><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>180</mn><mo>&#8728;</mo></msup></mstyle></math><br />Suy ra I, K, M thẳng h&agrave;ng.<br />Chứng minh tương tự', c&aacute;c điểm I, K, M, N, O c&ugrave;ng nằm tr&ecirc;n một đường thẳng.<br /></span></p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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