Ôn Tập Chương 4
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 45 (Trang 54 SGK Toán Đại số 8, Tập 2)
<p>Giải c&aacute;c phương tr&igrave;nh</p> <p>a) |3x| = x+8<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>b) |-2x| = 4x+18</p> <p>c) |x-5| = 3x<span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>&nbsp; d) |x+2| = 2x-10</p> <p><em><strong>Hướng dẫn:</strong></em></p> <p>a) Với&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>0</mn></math> ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn></math> (nhận)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> Với x &lt; 0 ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></math> (nhận)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Tập nghiệm của phương tr&igrave;nh ban đầu: S={-2;4}.</p> <p>b) Với&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>0</mn></math> ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>18</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>18</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>9</mn></math>&nbsp; (loại)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>&nbsp; Với x &lt; 0 ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>18</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>6</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>18</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn></math> (nhận)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Tập nghiệm {-3}</p> <p>c) Với&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mn>5</mn></math> ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn></math> (loại)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> Với x &lt; 5 ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>4</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>25</mn></math> (nhận)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Tập nghiệm {1,25}</p> <p>d) Với&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>&#8805;</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn></math> ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>12</mn></math> (nhận)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span> Với x &lt; -2 ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>-</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>-</mo><mn>10</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>8</mn><mo>&#8660;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>8</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></math> (loại)</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span>Tập nghiệm {12}</p>
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