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Hướng dẫn giải Bài 9.35 (Trang 83 SGK Toán 7, Bộ Kết nối tri thức, Tập 2)
<p><strong>B&agrave;i 9.35 (Trang 83 SGK To&aacute;n 7, Bộ Kết nối tri thức với cuộc sống, Tập 2)</strong></p> <p>K&iacute; hiệu&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math> l&agrave; diện t&iacute;ch&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></math>. Gọi G l&agrave; trọng t&acirc;m của tam gi&aacute;c ABC, M l&agrave; trung điểm của BC.</p> <p>a) Chứng minh&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p>b)&nbsp; Chứng minh&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math></p> <p>Nhận x&eacute;t: Từ b&agrave;i tập tr&ecirc;n ta c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>.</mo></math> điều n&agrave;y gi&uacute;p ta cảm nhận tại sao c&oacute; thể đặt thăng bằng miếng b&igrave;a h&igrave;nh tam gi&aacute;c tr&ecirc;n gi&aacute; nhọn đặt tại trọng t&acirc;m của tam gi&aacute;c đ&oacute;.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p><em><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Hướng dẫn giải</strong></span></em></p> <p><img class="wscnph" style="max-width: 100%; display: block; margin-left: auto; margin-right: auto;" src="https://static.colearn.vn:8413/v1.0/upload/library/04102022/bai-9-34-trand-83-toan-lop-7-tap-2-148000-HeMckO.png" width="291" height="229" /></p> <p>a) Do G l&agrave; trọng t&acirc;m của <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo></math>ABC v&agrave; M l&agrave; trung điểm của BC&nbsp;</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo></math> GM =&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></math>AM.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>+ <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>G</mi></math> c&oacute; chung đường cao kẻ từ B đến AM&nbsp;</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></mfrac></math> m&agrave; GM =&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></math>AM&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></mrow></msub></math></p> <p>+&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8710;</mo><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>G</mi></math> c&oacute; chung đường cao kẻ từ c đến AM</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></msub></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>M</mi></mrow></mfrac></math> m&agrave; GM =&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac></math>AM&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></mrow></msub></math></p> <p>Do đ&oacute;,&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>M</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></mrow></msub></math> (Cộng vế với vế)</p> <p>hay&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math></p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>b) Ta c&oacute; AG = 2GM n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>;</mo></math>&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>.</mo><mo>&#160;</mo></math></p> <p>Do BC = 2MB = 2MC n&ecirc;n&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>M</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>G</mi></mrow></msub><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#8658;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>A</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>G</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>3</mn></mfrac><msub><mi>S</mi><mrow><mi>A</mi><mi>B</mi><mi>C</mi></mrow></msub></math>.</p> <p>&nbsp;</p> <p>&nbsp;</p>
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