Bài 3. Cấp số cộng
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 1 (Trang 97 SGK Toán Đại số & Giải tích 11)
<p>Trong c&aacute;c d&atilde;y số&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mfenced></math> sau đ&acirc;y, d&atilde;y số n&agrave;o l&agrave; cấp số cộng? T&iacute;nh số hạng đầu v&agrave; c&ocirc;ng sai của n&oacute;.</p> <p>a)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo></math></p> <p>c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mi>n</mi></msup><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;d)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>n</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>.</mo></math></p> <p><strong>Giải</strong></p> <p>a) Ta c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mfenced><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced><mo>-</mo><mfenced><mrow><mn>5</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>n</mi></mrow></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8704;</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8469;</mi><mo>*</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; Vậy&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mfenced></math> l&agrave; cấp số cộng c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>3</mn></math>, c&ocirc;ng sai d = -2.</p> <p>b) Ta c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>-</mo><mfenced><mrow><mfrac><mi>n</mi><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8704;</mo><mi>n</mi><mo>&#8712;</mo><mi mathvariant="normal">&#8469;</mi><mo>*</mo></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Vậy&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mfenced></math> l&agrave; cấp số cộng c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math>, c&ocirc;ng sai&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>1</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math>.</p> <p>c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msup><mo>-</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mi>n</mi></msup><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>.</mo><msup><mn>3</mn><mi>n</mi></msup></math>. Vậy&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>(</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>)</mo></math> kh&ocirc;ng l&agrave; cấp số cộng.</p> <p>d) Ta c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></msub><mo>-</mo><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mfenced><mrow><mi>n</mi><mo>+</mo><mn>1</mn></mrow></mfenced></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>7</mn><mo>-</mo><mn>3</mn><mi>n</mi></mrow><mn>2</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math></p> <p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;Vậy&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced><msub><mi>u</mi><mi>n</mi></msub></mfenced></math> l&agrave; cấp số cộng c&oacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>u</mi><mn>1</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>2</mn></math>, c&ocirc;ng sai&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>d</mi><mo>=</mo><mo>-</mo><mfrac><mn>3</mn><mn>2</mn></mfrac></math></p>
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 1ab (trang 97, SGK Toán Đại số & Giải Tích 11)
GV: GV colearn
Xem lời giải bài tập khác cùng bài
Video hướng dẫn giải bài tập
Hướng dẫn Giải Bài 1ab (trang 97, SGK Toán Đại số & Giải Tích 11)
GV: GV colearn