Bài 22: Cấu trúc phân tử hợp chất hữu cơ
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 5 (Trang 101 SGK Hóa học 11)
<p><strong>5</strong>. Những chất n&agrave;o sau đ&acirc;y l&agrave; đồng đẳng của nhau, đồng ph&acirc;n của nhau?</p> <p>a) <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>d)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>e)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>g)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><munder><mi>C</mi><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow><mo>|</mo></mover></munder><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>h)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>i)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><munder><mi>C</mi><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow><mo>|</mo></mover></munder><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p><strong>Giải:</strong></p> <p>Những chất đồng đẳng với nhau :</p> <p>Chất :&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(d)</p> <p>Đồng đẳng với :&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (b)</p> <p>Chất :&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(c)</p> <p>Đồng đẳng với :&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (h)</p> <p>Những chất đồng ph&acirc;n với nhau :&nbsp;</p> <p>Chất&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(a)</p> <p>v&agrave;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(b)</p> <p>Chất&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (e)</p> <p>v&agrave;&nbsp; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>=</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><munder><mi>C</mi><mover><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow><mo>|</mo></mover></munder><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; (g)</p> <p>Chất&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp;(c)</p> <p>Đồng ph&acirc;n với : <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>-</mo><munder><mi>C</mi><mrow><mover><mi>C</mi><mo>|</mo></mover><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></munder><mi>H</mi><mo>-</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math>&nbsp; (i)</p>
Giải bài tập 5 (trang 101, SGK Hóa học lớp 11)
GV: GV colearn
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Giải bài tập 5 (trang 101, SGK Hóa học lớp 11)
GV: GV colearn