Bài 25: Kim loại kiềm và hợp chất quan trọng của kim loại kiềm
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 6 (Trang 111 SGK Hóa học 12)
<p>Cho 100 gam&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math> t&aacute;c dụng ho&agrave;n to&agrave;n với dung dịch HCl thu được một lượng kh&iacute;&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math>. Sục lượng kh&iacute; <math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> thu được v&agrave;o dung dịch&nbsp; chứa 60 gam NaOH. T&iacute;nh khối lượng muối tạo th&agrave;nh</p> <p><span style="text-decoration: underline;"><strong>Hướng dẫn giải:</strong></span>&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>+</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi><mi>l</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mi>C</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>l</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>&#8593;</mo><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>O</mi><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>100</mn><mn>100</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>1</mn></math></p> <p>Số mol NaOH:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>n</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mn>60</mn><mn>40</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mfenced><mrow><mi>m</mi><mi>o</mi><mi>l</mi></mrow></mfenced></math></p> <p>Ta c&oacute;: <span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mn>1</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mi>k</mi><mo>=</mo><mfrac><msub><mi>n</mi><mrow><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi></mrow></msub><msub><mi>n</mi><mrow><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></mrow></msub></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mfrac><mrow><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow><mn>1</mn></mfrac><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>&#60;</mo><mn>2</mn><mo>&#8658;</mo></math>Tạo hai muối</p> <p>Đặt số mol của&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> tham gia hai phản uwngslaanf lượt l&agrave; x mol v&agrave; y mol</p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>&#8594;</mo><mi>N</mi><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mo>+</mo><msub><mi>H</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>O</mi><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi></math></p> <p><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><span class="mce-nbsp-wrap" contenteditable="false">&nbsp;&nbsp;&nbsp;</span><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>+</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>O</mi><mi>H</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8594;</mo><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8594;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>y</mi></math></p> <p>Ta c&oacute;:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mfenced open="{" close=""><mrow><mtable columnalign="left"><mtr><mtd><mi>x</mi><mo>+</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn></mtd></mtr><mtr><mtd><mn>2</mn><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>1</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn></mtd></mtr></mtable><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#8658;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>=</mo><mi>y</mi><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn></mrow></mfenced></math></p> <p>Khối lượng muối tạo th&agrave;nh:&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><msub><mi>a</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>106</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>53</mn><mfenced><mi>g</mi></mfenced><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><msub><mi>m</mi><mrow><mi>N</mi><mi>a</mi><mi>H</mi><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></mrow></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>0</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>5</mn><mo>.</mo><mn>84</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>42</mn><mfenced><mi>g</mi></mfenced></math></p>
Giải bài tập 6 ( trang 111, SGK Hóa học 12 )
GV: GV colearn
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Giải bài tập 6 ( trang 111, SGK Hóa học 12 )
GV: GV colearn