Bài 21: Tính theo công thức hóa học
Hướng dẫn giải Bài 1 (Trang 71 SGK Hóa học lớp 8)
<p>T&igrave;m th&agrave;nh phần phần trăm (theo khối luợng) c&aacute;c nguy&ecirc;n tố ho&aacute; học c&oacute; trong những hợp chất sau:</p> <p>a)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math></p> <p>b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>3</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>4</mn></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>F</mi><msub><mi>e</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p>c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>v</mi><mi>&#224;</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>S</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>3</mn></msub></math></p> <p><strong>Giải</strong>:</p> <p>a)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><msub><mi>M</mi><mrow><mi>C</mi><mi>O</mi></mrow></msub><mo>=</mo><mn>12</mn><mo>+</mo><mn>16</mn><mo>=</mo><mn>28</mn><mi>g</mi><mo>&#160;</mo></math></p> <p>Trong 1 mol CO c&oacute; 1 mol C v&agrave; 1 mol O.</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>%</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mfrac><mn>12</mn><mn>28</mn></mfrac><mo>&#160;</mo><mi>x</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>42</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>86</mn><mo>%</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>%</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>100</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>-</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>42</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>86</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mn>57</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>14</mn><mo>%</mo></math></p> <p>Tương tự ta c&oacute; : trong hợp chất&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mi>C</mi><msub><mi>O</mi><mn>2</mn></msub></math> :</p> <p><math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>%</mo><mi>C</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>27</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>27</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>%</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>72</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>73</mn><mo>%</mo></math></p> <p>b)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>%</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>72</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>4</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>%</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>27</mn><mo>,</mo><mn>6</mn><mo>%</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>%</mo><mi>F</mi><mi>e</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>70</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>%</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>30</mn><mo>%</mo></math></p> <p>c)&nbsp;<math xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"><mo>%</mo><mi>S</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>50</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>%</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>50</mn><mo>%</mo><mspace linebreak="newline"/><mo>%</mo><mi>S</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>40</mn><mo>%</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>%</mo><mi>O</mi><mo>&#160;</mo><mo>=</mo><mo>&#160;</mo><mn>60</mn><mo>%</mo></math></p>
Giải bài tập 1 (trang 71 SGK Hóa học 8)
GV: GV colearn
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Giải bài tập 1 (trang 71 SGK Hóa học 8)
GV: GV colearn