Bài 15. Phản ứng oxi hóa - khử
Hướng dẫn giải Hoạt động (Trang 73 SGK Hóa 10, Bộ Kết nối tri thức với cuộc sống)
<p>X&aacute;c định chất oxi ho&aacute;, chất khử</p> <p><em>Chuẩn bị:</em>&nbsp;đinh sắt, dung dịch CuSO<sub>4</sub>, dung dịch H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>&nbsp;lo&atilde;ng, ống nghiệm.</p> <p><em>Thực hiện:</em></p> <p><em>Th&iacute; nghiệm 1:</em>&nbsp;Cho đinh sắt v&agrave;o ống nghiệm đựng dung dịch CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</p> <p><em>Th&iacute; nghiệm 2:</em>&nbsp;Cho đinh sắt v&agrave;o ống nghiệm đựng dung dịch H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.</p> <p>Quan s&aacute;t hiện tượng v&agrave; trả lời c&acirc;u hỏi.</p> <p>1. Viết qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh oxi ho&aacute;, qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh khử.</p> <p>2. X&aacute;c định chất oxi ho&aacute;, chất khử trong hai phản ứng tr&ecirc;n.</p> <p><strong>Lời giải:</strong></p> <p>1.</p> <p>Th&iacute; nghiệm 1:</p> <p>Qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh oxi h&oacute;a:&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 22.5px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2192;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">F</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">e</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">&rarr;Fe<sup>+2</sup>+2e</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>Qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh khử:&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-2-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 22.5px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2192;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;C&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;u&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-15" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-16" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-17" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-18" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-19" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">u<sup>+2</sup></span></span></span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-23" class="mjx-mo MJXc-space2"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">+</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-24" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space2"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">2</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-25" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">e</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-26" class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">&rarr;</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-27" class="mjx-mi MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">C</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-28" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">u</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>Th&iacute; nghiệm 2:</p> <p>Qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh oxi h&oacute;a: <span id="MathJax-Element-1-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 22.5px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2192;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mi&gt;F&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-1" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-2" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-3" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">F</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-4" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">e</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-5" class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">&rarr;Fe<sup>+2</sup>+2e</span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>Qu&aacute; tr&igrave;nh khử:&nbsp;<span id="MathJax-Element-4-Frame" class="mjx-chtml MathJax_CHTML" style="box-sizing: border-box; display: inline-block; line-height: 0; text-indent: 0px; text-align: left; text-transform: none; font-style: normal; font-weight: normal; font-size: 22.5px; letter-spacing: normal; overflow-wrap: normal; word-spacing: normal; white-space: nowrap; float: none; direction: ltr; max-width: none; max-height: none; min-width: 0px; min-height: 0px; border: 0px; margin: 0px; padding: 1px 0px; position: relative;" tabindex="0" role="presentation" data-mathml="&lt;math xmlns=&quot;http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML&quot;&gt;&lt;msup&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;/msup&gt;&lt;mrow&gt;&lt;mo&gt;+&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;mi&gt;e&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mo&gt;&amp;#x2192;&lt;/mo&gt;&lt;msub&gt;&lt;mi&gt;H&lt;/mi&gt;&lt;mn&gt;2&lt;/mn&gt;&lt;/msub&gt;&lt;/mrow&gt;&lt;/math&gt;"><span id="MJXc-Node-43" class="mjx-math" aria-hidden="true"><span id="MJXc-Node-44" class="mjx-mrow"><span id="MJXc-Node-45" class="mjx-msup"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-46" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">H<sup>+</sup></span></span></span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-48" class="mjx-mrow MJXc-space2"><span id="MJXc-Node-49" class="mjx-mo"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">+</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-50" class="mjx-mn MJXc-space2"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">2</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-51" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">e</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-52" class="mjx-mo MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-main-R">&rarr;</span></span><span id="MJXc-Node-53" class="mjx-msub MJXc-space3"><span class="mjx-base"><span id="MJXc-Node-54" class="mjx-mi"><span class="mjx-char MJXc-TeX-math-I">H<sub>2</sub></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></span></p> <p>2.</p> <p>Th&iacute; nghiệm 1: Chất khử l&agrave; Fe, chất oxi h&oacute;a l&agrave; CuSO<sub>4</sub>.</p> <p>Th&iacute; nghiệm 2: Chất khử l&agrave; Fe, chất oxi h&oacute;a l&agrave; H<sub>2</sub>SO<sub>4</sub>.</p>
Xem lời giải bài tập khác cùng bài